What are the available treatments for Acne?

Treatments of acne usually work by decreasing the production of oil and speeding up the formation of new skin cells, fighting infections caused by bacteria and reducing inflammation.

Treatments for mild acne includes over-the-counter lotions containing resorcinol, sulfur, benzoyl peroxide, lactic acid or salicylic acid. Side effects such as flaking and irritation clear up after the first few weeks of use. If these don’t work, stronger lotions such as Adapalene (Differin), Tazarotene (Tazorac, Avage) and Tretinoin (Avita, Retin-A, Renova), can be prescribed by the dermatologist. These work by reducing plugging and speeding up new skin formation. There are also antibiotic lotions, and for moderate to severe acne, a short antibiotic course can be prescribed to fight off bacteria and reduce inflammation. Cystic acne, the most severe form of acne, is treated with Isotretinoin (Accutane), which helps to prevent the cyst formation and scarring. However, it has many harmful side effects especially for pregnant or soon-to-be-pregnant women, and must be taken with caution.

There are other treatments, like laser and light therapy which kills bacteria deep inside the skin. Cosmetic procedures like chemical peels and microdermabrasion are also helpful, as are oral contraceptives. There are also procedures such as soft tissue fillers which can be used to hide the scars left by acne.